A study discovered that out of 288 species evaluated as at risk in Canada since 2017, only 17 reached the final listing decision stage within the recommended timeframe by the federal cabinet body. More than half of the species, including caribou, beluga whales, and lake sturgeon, were overdue for listing decisions as of January 25, 2025, despite being assessed as endangered or threatened.
The delay in listing decisions is attributed to a gap in the Species at Risk Act (SARA), where there is no statutory deadline for a crucial stage of the process. This loophole allows governments to postpone difficult decisions regarding conservation and economic interests. Peter Thompson, a postdoctoral researcher at Simon Fraser University, highlighted the government’s consistent failure to meet the recommended timelines it set for itself.
For instance, the Saskatchewan-Nelson River population of lake sturgeon, designated as endangered in 2017, missed a federal deadline for assessment advancement and was still awaiting the next steps five years later. The fragmented habitats caused by dams and hydro projects have hindered the fish’s movement, jeopardizing their survival.
The protection of endangered species under SARA is crucial as it triggers prohibitions against harming them and mandates the identification and protection of critical habitats. However, there is no explicit deadline for moving assessments from the minister to the final decision-making stage, leading to delays in listing decisions.
Aquatic species are particularly impacted by listing delays, with marine mammals and fish facing significant delays in the listing process. The study also emphasizes the cultural and traditional significance of endangered species to Indigenous communities and the importance of balancing conservation efforts with cultural preservation.
The lack of transparency and explanations for delays in listing decisions raises concerns about governments avoiding tough conservation choices. Efforts to streamline the process and prioritize species protection are essential to ensure timely listings and habitat protections for at-risk species.